西方教授： 中国大学 容忍作弊？
Cheating in China — is it an Epidemic?
中国人在为其生存挣扎的过程中是否失去了他们的道德底线？虽然作弊现象存在于世界各地的大学里，但有一个共同的看法，即中国大学生作弊现象比西方国家更为普遍。更令人吃惊的是，作弊似乎是中国大学里可接受的现象。这种情况已经引起在中国大学教书的西方教授们担忧和关注。
Have the Chinese people lost their moral values in their struggle for survival? While cheating exists in universities around the world, there is a common perception that it is more prevalent among students China than in Western countries. More shockingly, cheating seems to be an acceptable phenomenon on the Chinese campus. The situation has caused great concerns among Western professors who teach in Chinese universities.
下面是由两位西方教授的短文。在被张贴在互联网上后，这些文章引起了某些中国人士的极大不满，他们表示这些文章中的某些观点是对中国民族的歧视和诽谤。
Below are short essays written by two Western professors. After being posted on the internet, the essays have sparked furious backlash from some Chinese citizens, who believe that the Chinese people are discriminated against by the comments in the essays.
你怎么看这问题呢？请在www.096.ca发表您的意见。
What do you think about the issue? Please post your comments on www.096.ca
在中国作弊 - 是一种流行病？
Robert Vance
今天,我的一名学生试图向我解释为什么中国对作弊现象视而不见, 且作弊现象在中国应该可以被接受。她告诉我，作弊往往是在这个人口过剩的国家在学业取得成功的唯一途径。她向我承认她曾试图作弊多次，不过因为监考严密所以尚未得逞。她告诉我，曾在高中时期多次作弊，但对此她毫不羞于启齿。
One of my students unsuccessfully tried to explain to me today why cheating is and should be acceptable in China. She told me that cheating is often the only way to succeed academically in this overpopulated country. She admitted to me that she has tried to cheat multiple times but has always failed because of increased security. She was not bashful about telling me, however, that she had often cheated on exams in high school.
中国政府近年来采取了额外的措施来防止作弊。为通过防止无线通信欺骗，学校通常安装了手机信号阻隔装置，在重大考试比如高考中，也安排了警方提供保安服务。但是这些极端措施却未曾见效。熟悉中国考试系统的老师告诉我说，通常作弊手法是复杂的手势信号和敲击桌面。
The Chinese government in recent years has taken extra measures to prevent cheating. Cell phone blocking devices have been placed in schools to prevent wireless communication and police officers may provide security for important events such as entrance exams. But even these extreme measures do not stop students from trying. A teacher who is familiar with the testing system in China told me that sophisticated hand signals and tapings are used to communicate during exams.
学生的态度可能是作弊流行于中国的原因。作弊在中国不一定是一个道德问题，而是一个生存技巧问题。考试成绩的差别可能意味着被大城市的知名的大学录取，还是屈就于某小镇上一个名不见经传的进修学校。上知名大学还是一个乡间小学院则意味着在能大公司工作并得到晋升，还是一生被困于平庸的公司拿着微不足道的薪水之差。换句话说，是否作弊可影响到你将来能过一份舒适的生活还是在贫困线上挣扎。面对这样的选择，许多人都愿意做出作弊的错误的选择。
Perhaps the reason why cheating continues to be prevalent in China is the attitudes of students. Cheating is not necessarily seen in China as a moral issue; it is a matter of survival. Scores on an exam can mean the difference between going to a well known university in a big city or being relegated to a small college in the countryside. And going to a well known university or a small college can mean the difference between working and moving up in a large company or being stuck in mediocre low paying jobs for one’s whole life. In other words, cheating could make the difference between a comfortable life and a life full of struggle. When facing that choice, many are willing to make the wrong choice.
我常常有某种冲动去指责这些作弊者，他们怎么能认为作弊是可以接受？但是我遏制住了我的这种冲动去对他们进行教育，告诉他们作弊的坏处，因为我或多或少开始同情他们的遭遇。在这个国家“适者生存”的心态已经令作弊有了新的内涵。我真心希望，在中国自由和发展进入新时代之时，学业成功是一个骄傲的成就，而非生存的工具。
I have had the temptation to stand in judgment of these ‘cheaters.’ How can they think that cheating is acceptable? But I have successfully fought the urge to lecture them on the pitfalls of cheating because I am somewhat sympathetic to their plight. There is a ‘survival of the fittest’ mentality in this country that puts the issue of cheating into a different light. Hopefully, as China moves into a new era of development and freedom, academic performance can become a matter of pride and not just a tool for survival.
中国式作弊是否始于幼儿园？
Internet Author
我认为一种普遍的看法是，中国的欺骗，腐败和说谎的比例比许多西方国家高。当然，这些现象存在于世界各地的各种文化。作为一个偶尔在几所大学教授专业（非英语）课程的老师，我可以证明各种作弊手法令人震惊但广为人接受，包括学生，老师和教学管理者。
I think that it is a common impression that the percentage of cheating, corruption, and lying are higher in China than in many Western countries. Of course, these exist in all cultures around the world. As an occasional teacher of professional (non-English language) classes in several Chinese universities, I can attest that the level of cheating is shocking and accepted by everyone, students, teachers and administrators.
我觉得这是关系到所谓“面子”的问题，且现象起始于幼儿园。
I propose that this is related to "face" and starts in kindergarden.
我的儿子三岁在上中国当地的幼儿园，他学到的是，面子比诚实更重要。
My son, attending a local Chinese kindergarden, is being taught that face is more important than honesty at the tender age of 3.
我在等着接我的儿子的时候，发现学校展示的学生作品，我看到了儿子的作品。我当时象是遭了雷击，“我儿子不可能画这幅画”。绘图非常完美，所有的线条和色彩是适当的，这意味着没有绿色的太阳和紫色的草。看看儿子旁边的那些孩子的作品，几乎看起来都是一样的。
I was waiting to pick up my son and noticed the school was displaying student's work and I saw a bunch of drawings and found my son's there. It hit me like a lightning bolt, "There is no way my son did this." The drawing was perfectly drawn. All of the colors were in the lines and the colors were appropriate, meaning no green sun and purple grass. Looking at the rest of the drawings, they all looked the same.
当然，这可能是老师明确指示学生如何上颜色和上什么颜色。我以前看到我儿子的作品，如果他能把颜色都画在纸上就不错了，更不要说能把它们填在色框里。正如医学术语所云，“当你听到蹄声，就要想到是马，不要想独角兽”。
Of course, it is possible that the teacher clearly instructed the students how to color and what color to put where. I have seen my son color and he's lucky to keep the colors on the paper much less staying within the lines. As they say, "When you hear hooves, think horses, not unicorns,"
没有一样图画是学生完成的，都是老师代劳的。这是孩子们学到的第一步，即面子比诚实重要。
None of the drawing was done by the students, the teachers did them. This is step one of teaching children that "face" is more important than honesty.
老师告诉家长他们的孩子画了多么神奇的作品。孩子听到这一点就完全知道老师是在撒谎。家长听后也赞扬孩子，并向其他家庭成员展示自己的孩子画作多么了不起。当然，家长也清楚地知道自己的孩子没有亲自作画，孩子也知道他们的父母也在说谎。
The teacher tells the parent that their child did this wonderful drawing. The child hears this and knows full well that the teacher is lying. Then the parent also praises the child and shows other family members what a great drawing their child did. Of course, the parents know full well, that their child did not do the drawing and the child realizes their parents are also lying.
而孩子学到的是，自己能独立完成一幅画，或为自己的成就感到自豪并不重要，重要的是露脸，而为此甚至不惜说谎。
Children learn that it is not about doing one's own work, or being proud what they can do, it is more about showing "face", even if that includes lying.
我怀疑学校墙壁上所贴的任何东西，包括具体的比如数学考试之类真实性的。我认为老师会密切关注学生的一举一动并确保学生能露出其最美的“面子”。
I really doubt anything that is put up on the school walls, including more concrete things like math tests. I bet the teacher is looking right over their shoulders and making sure the students put on good "face".
请问由其他人的孩子在中国教育体制内读书吗？
Anybody else have young children in the Chinese education system?