进口食品安检: CFIA新规定如何影响消费者(三)

中国进口食品的安全问题日益引发加拿大消费者的关注，尤其是那些经常前往华人超市购物的消费者担忧更甚。随着公众关注度持续升温，CFIA建议将目前为鱼类进口食品所设置"较高"的许可标准应用于华人超市的其他食品类上。
The safety of imported food products from China is a growing concern for Canadian consumers, particularly those who frequently shop in the Chinese supermarkets. Amid public concerns, the CFIA has proposed to apply the "higher" licensing standards for imported fish products to other imported food products at the Chinese Supermarkets soon.

在本系列文章中，Bob Mok将评估CFIA食品检验法规的效用，并探讨提议的新规会如何影响消费者。
In this series of articles, Bob Mok will evaluate the efficiencies in CFIA’s food inspection regulations, and how the proposed regulations would affect consumers’ interest.
                                 
读者欲参照前文可点击:
http://chinesenewsgroup.com/news/41438
http://chinesenewsgroup.com/news/41490

For the previous article in this series, please visit:
http://chinesenewsgroup.com/news/41438
http://chinesenewsgroup.com/news/41490


在上一篇文章中，我们谈了标签难题。在本文中，我们将介绍相关的进口程序，以及所提议新规的潜在问题。

We focused on labeling difficulties in our last article. In this one, we will follow through with the import process and identify potential issues with the proposed system.


当鱼类产品的集装箱抵达加拿大的港口之一（多半都是温哥华），必须先向加拿大边境服务局（CBSA）办理清关手续。与此同时，海关也会发放与装船舱单一致的交易编号。进口商必须根据这些代表装船舱单上的产品项目的交易编号确认所有“鱼类产品”，并在48小时内填写一份“鱼类进口申报单”提交给加拿大食品检验局，检验局将会基于同类产品的检验结果，以及进口商的合规记录决定是否需要进行随机抽查。

When the container of Fish products arrive in Canada at one of the sea ports (in all likelihood Vancouver), it will have to clear customs with the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA).  At that time, transaction numbers will be issued in accordance with the shipping manifest. From these transactions which represent line items of products from the shipping document, the importer must identify any “Fish Products” and fill out a “Fish Import Notification Form” within 48 hours and submit to CFIA who will determine if it wants to perform any inspections on a random basis. The CFIA determination is based on inspection with similar products and the compliance history of the Importer.


目前，在食品和鱼类产品混装的情况下，普通非鱼类产品可免于检验，但以后情况将会发生改变。根据最终规则，有些产品将被纳入需要检验和向加拿大食品检验局报检的特定分类。换句话说，也就是进口商必需填写申报单，而被分类并要求进行检验的产品最终是否进行检验完全是由加拿大食品检验局说了算。在检验局给出答复之前，这些有可能被会“抽查”的产品不能离开进口商的仓库。

Currently, in a mix shipment of foodstuffs and fish products, regular non-fish items will be exempted from inspections. In future, this practice will change. Depending on the final rules and regulations, there would be items falling into certain classifications that will require inspections and notifications for CFIA to exercise that option. In other words, the importer fills out the notification and the items identified and required for inspection may or may not be inspected. Until a reply comes back from CFIA, the applicable items which may or may not turn into “selected for inspection” items cannot be physically removed from the Importer’s Warehouse.


此外，如果进口商没有通过适当的识别系统将产品分类，并将所有产品贴上标签以突显它们的“留置”状态被清除，他们就必需对相关产品进行隔离并将其放入“留置区”。现在你可以想象一下那些没有超大的仓库，适当的识别系统以及训练有素的员工的进口商到时候将会面对何种仓储和后勤噩梦。

Not only that, the items have to be segregated and placed into a “Holding area” unless a properly devised identification system is in place and all items are labelled to the extent that their “ON HOLD” status is clear and prominent. Now just imagine for a moment what kind of space and logistics nightmare it is for the importer to deal with without an oversized warehouse, a properly implemented identification system, and well-trained staff.


在做检验安排时，必须由进口商和加拿大食品检验局的检查人员共同约定时间和日期。在检验过程中，进口商的工作人员必须配合检验局检查人员的工作。检查人员可能会要求进行采样检测，或是要求将相关产品放入“留置区”以等待进一步处理。他们还可以彻底拒绝相关产品进口并要求将其销毁。但无论如何，所有被拒产品都必须经由进口商确认和保存。

Inspection Arrangement must be made by the importer with the CFIA inspectors at a mutually agreed time and date. The importer’s staff must work with the CFIA inspectors during inspections. The inspectors may ask for samples for testing or ask for items to be placed “ON HOLD” pending further disposition. They may also reject items outright and request their destructions. In any event, all of these rejected items need to be identified and HELD by the importer.


如果进口商未有遵守有关及时报检、检验配合和检疫隔离程序的规则，他们可能会被责令整改。

If the importer fails to comply with these rules concerning timely notification for inspection, inspection co-ordinations, and quarantine procedures, then Corrective Actions may be raised against the importer.


何为整改措施？

What are Corrective Actions?


食品检验局认定的有损于食检系统的因素被记录于文件之中。以书面形式发出的整改措施会要求进口商进行相关调查并采取整改措施，以避免违规情况在特定时间范围内再度发生。

They are documents identifying a condition adverse to the well-being of the inspection system as perceived by CFIA. The Corrective Action comes in a written document requesting the importer to investigate and take corrective measures to prevent recurrence of the identified condition within a specified time frame.


实际上，进口商首先必须找出错处（或犯错的原因），然后再采取步骤整改现状。此外，进口商（在经过加拿大食品检验局批准后）还必须制定落实一系列整改措施，以确保类似情况不会再次发生。

In effect, the importer has to find out what is wrong (or why the discrepancy happened). Then, steps have to be taken to fix up the current situation. Furthermore, a system of changes will have to be devised and implemented (after approval by CFIA) to make sure similar conditions will not happen again in future.


但是对于交易商来说，这些整改措施要求无疑是巨大的挑战。由于手下没有质量专家，当整改报告因无法达标而一次又一次地被递交和驳回，他们就会深陷困境。

For a trading merchant, these Corrective Action requests will be a challenge. Without any quality experts on staff, this can be quite an ordeal when complete forms are submitted and rejected on multiple rounds of submissions without get to the satisfactory answers.


在下一篇文章中，我们将继续介绍相关的进口程序。

We will continue to describe this process system for importing in our next article.