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从《纸牌屋》看中国电影封杀

House of Cards is a hallmark of freedom enjoyed by Americans
来源: 大中报 南茜(Nancy Jin)
 
 
美剧《纸牌屋》是一部暗黑风格的政治剧,讲述了南卡罗来纳州参议员Frank Underwood不折手段爬上白宫高位的人生历程。该剧中, 这名老谋深算、渴望权力的实用主义政客在一条伴着性,泪和血的道路上亦步亦趋, 并最终达到国家权力巅峰——美国总统宝座。

American TV series, House of Cards, is a dark political drama focused around Frank Underwood, South Carolina State Senator, and follows his ruthless journey to conquer the Whitehouse. It portrays a manipulative, pragmatic and power hungry politician who left a trail of blood, sex and tears in his quest for ultimate power of the nation – to become the President of the U.S.A. 


《纸牌屋》一经推出便受到观众的热烈追捧,并成为全美乃至全球最热门的美剧。在该剧的大量忠实粉丝中也包括美国前总统克林顿和现任总统奥巴马。据媒体报道,克林顿曾对出演Underwood的Kevin Spacy表示,在他看来除了一些浮夸的情节,“绝大部分剧情都是真实的。”

The show has gained widespread popularity among audiences and has become one of the most popular shows in America and across the globe. Among its large fan base are US former president Clinton and current president Obama. According to media reports, Clinton told Kevin Spacy, who played the role of Underwood, that he believed that apart from some edgier contents, “most moments in the show were real”. 


从某种程度上说,这部刻画美国政坛的黑暗腐败面的美剧大获成功,也突显出好莱坞所享有的挑战政治权力的政治自由和言论自由,这与许多在专制国家中倍受束缚的对娱乐业形成鲜明对比。在非民主国家中,电影和电视节目都受到政府的严格管制,他们根本不准许制作会触动政治高层敏感神经的影视作品。

To a certain degree, the success of the show that paints American politics in a dark and corrupt picture has highlighted the political freedom and free-speech that Hollywood has enjoyed to challenge political power. It is a sharp contrast to the gagged show businesses in many authoritarian states. In non-democratic countries, movies and shows are under tight government control, and are prohibited from producing anything that touches the sensitive nerve of the top political echelon.  


中国政府一直坚信对艺术与电影严加管制是社会控制的重要手段,它严禁任何被视为具有政治敏感性,或是被认为有损中国政府形象的影片上映。那些对最高领导人、共产党或中国政府的形象进行负面刻画的电影或电视节目在中国永远见不到天日。

Chinese government has taken a strong position that arts and media is a method of social control. It bans any films that are deemed politically sensitive, or perceived as a slight to the Chinese government. Movies or shows that put a negative spin on the image of the top leaders, the communist party, or the Chinese government will never see the light of day.


许多描绘被20世纪中期的因政治动荡而人生饱受命运摧残的中国影片,比如《活着》,《蓝风筝》和《霸王别姬》等都因为其内容“冒犯”而被封杀,这些影片的导演也都因此被禁拍了一段时间。

Chinese movies – including To Live, The Blue Kite, and Farewell My Concubine -- that depict the lives of individuals ruined by political turmoil during the mid-20th century, were banned for being “offensive” and the directors were also suspended from their filmmaking job for a certain period of time.  


除了对国内影视作品严加管制,中国政府也一直在打压从海外引进的电视剧和电影。2006上映的好莱坞影片《无间道风云》因为暗指中国政府意欲使用核武器打击台湾,被中国政府以政治敏感为由封杀;2003年上映的《古墓丽影2:生命之匙》因为涉嫌描黑中国社会,亦被当局禁映。此外,刻画香港独立运动抗议者的悲惨境遇的政治敏感题材影片《十年》也在中国遭禁。

Apart from tightened control over domestic content production, China has extended its crackdown to sensitive TV dramas and features imported from foreign countries.  A 2006 Hollywood movie, The Departed, was banned in China for its political sensitivity, as there was a line in the movie suggesting that the government intends to use nuclear weapon on Taiwan. A 2003 movie Lara Croft Tomb Raider: The Cradle of Life was banned for its unflattering depiction of Chinese society. Ten Years, another politically sensitive movie, which shows the plight of protesters in Hong Kong’s independence movement, has also been banned in China.


中国政府不竭余力的电影审查过程几乎无章可循,对一部电影的封杀完全是由审查员说了算,国内外导演都因此被迫对剧情进行删改或自我审查,以便更好地迎合当局的口味。为了让中国审查员满意,好莱坞导演常常会修改政治主题,或是删除被认为不当或无法被政府领导人接受的内容。

The Chinese government has taken an end-of-empire approach to censorship, and there are no rules to follow and the decision to ban a film is totally arbitrary.  As a result, film directors – domestic or foreign are forced to live in a state of denial or self –censorship to make their content more palatable to the authorities’ tastes. In anticipation of Chinese censors, Hollywood filmmakers often modify political themes or eliminate content deemed inappropriate or unacceptable by the government leaders.   


毫无疑问,像《纸牌屋》这样对政客极尽嘲讽的影视作品永远都不可能在中国电影院或电视屏幕上亮相。但虚伪的中国政府因《纸牌屋》旨在攻击国外之政治权利而准许其在中国上映。由于中国观众没有机会欣赏对本国政府进行如此负面刻画的作品,《纸牌屋》在中国掀起追捧热潮并不出人意料。

You would expect that a TV series filled with strong cynical views of politics, like House of Cards, would never make it to Chinese theatres or appear on TV. The hypocritical Chinese government has taken a different tune on House of Card simply because it aims at the political power outside of the county. Unsurprisingly, House of Cards has widely appealed to the Chinese audiences, who are deprived of the opportunity to enjoy a show that put their own government in such a negative spotlight. 


一位受搜狐邀请参与《纸牌屋》新季讨论的北京粉丝称:“《纸牌屋》之所以深受中国观众喜爱,是因为你永远都看不到像这样刻画中国政府的电视剧,这种作品绝对通不过审查。”

 “People in China enjoy the House of Card, because you could never ever see this kind of show about the Chinese government. It would never get past the censors,” said one Beijing fan who was invited by Sohu to discuss the new series.
 
 
 
 
 

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