北京大杂院长大的我的更青睐加国一宅多户的住房新格局（观点）
Opinion: From Dazayuan to Canada: The Appeal of Shared Living Experiences
来源: 大中网/096.ca 南茜(Nancy Jin)
随着加拿大人口的迅速增长，高密度住宅已经成为不断增长的住房趋势。市政区域法规的修订使传统上规划为独立住宅地区密度大幅增加，与此同时，有越来越多的家庭选择合住独立屋住宅，掀起一宅多户的住房新尚。然而，住房模式的这种改变也遭到了挑战，不许后院盖房运动倡导者对此不满，认为这一趋势使加拿大崇尚高质量和个人隐私之居住方式的价值观遭到威胁。然而，许多有过合居经验，并经历过更为拥挤居住条件的移民们，会更易认同加国新的住房格局，甚至对一宅多户的居住模式青睐有加。
今天你也许关心的话题：
移民并没有给加拿大人造成麻烦，麻烦都是我们自己造成的
加拿大众盟国拒绝就锡克教领袖被暗杀事件谴责印度政府，特鲁多态度开始温和
将学校图书馆里2008年前出版的书清空 安省皮尔区教育局面临家长们的强烈谴责
As Canada’s population grows rapidly, higher density living has emerged as a growing housing trend. Zoning bylaw amendments are ramping up residential intensity in areas traditionally designated for single-family housing. Meanwhile, a growing number of multi-family units are opting to cohabit in a single family residence, making shared housing a growing living arrangement. However, the housing model change has met with challenges as NIMBY (Not in My Backyard) advocates view it as a threat to Canada’s traditional values of high quality and independent living. Yet many with shared living experience and accustomed to more constrained living conditions would find Canada’s new housing reality a welcome change, even embracing it with enthusiasm and preference.
我个人经历就最能说服这一点。我在北京的大杂院长大，在住房严重短缺的60年代的北京，大杂院是最为普遍的居住模式，几乎家家都不能幸免。我家住的这个大杂院，是由一传统的独家独户划分的，一个原本整齐四合庭院被割分为四个家庭共同居住的院落，每家占居一个房间。可想而知，在我们家四口生活的昏暗小屋里，空气浑浊和沉重，做饭、睡觉和起居都在同一个狭窄的空间里。大杂院里有20多名居民，但共用一个自来水龙头和一个厕所，卫生条件不堪入目、隐私或人的尊严也荡然无存。
My personal experience is the testament to this perspective. I grew up in DaZaYuan in Beijing, which was a widespread living arrangement amid Beijing’s housing shortages in the 1960s. In this DaZaYuan, a traditional single-family courtyard house was subdivided to accommodate four families. In the dimly lit small room cramped with our family of four, air became stagnant and heavy, while cooking, sleeping and studying all occurred within the same confined quarters. With more than twenty residents in Dazayuan sharing a single tap water and toilet, sanitary, privacy or human dignity barely existed.
然而，就是这生活条件恶劣的大杂院却给我留下了人生中最快乐和最珍贵的记忆。大杂院的居民组成了一个大家庭，邻居们就像我的亲人一样成为我生活中不可缺少的一部分。我的父母在文革高峰期因政治原因被迫不能回家，隔壁的阿姨、叔叔和奶奶就自然担当起照顾我这个生病的孩子的责任，并在我家最无助最艰难的困境时刻竭尽全力地提供无私且不计回报的照料帮助。这种邻里间的高度互动、互融和亲情给人以深深的安全感和归属感，对身心健康有着举足轻重的作用。而这种邻里间的亲情和互动在加拿大那种相互独立，老死不相往来的社区模式中几乎找不到踪影。
However, despite the challenges of cramped living conditions, Dazayuan also brought me memories of the most joyful and cherished moments in life. Neighbors formed an extended family, providing unwavering care and support that permeated every aspect of our lives. The aunties, uncles and grannies next door seamlessly stepped into the roles as my caregivers whenever my parents, politically stranded during the peak of the Cultural Revolution, were away. They offered me, an ailing child, immediate comfort and support in times of distress. The deep level of daily interactions, intimacy, and mutual understanding not only fostered a profound sense of security and belonging, enhancing the emotional well-being of the residents, but also made the more solitary living spaces in Canada seem pale in comparison.
加拿大独家独户的住宅以其隐私和独立为特色，自二战以来一直是加拿大人最崇尚的住房模式。宽敞、独立的房屋是居民高质量生活的标志，也是房产主财富的象征。这些拥有数间卧室、浴室、专用厨房、起居区和家庭房甚至后院花园的洋房，高度体现了住户独立、尊严、隐私和安全，让那些多户共居一所者望洋兴叹。
Single family homes in Canada, which features independent living and signifies personal success, have been the norm of Canadians’ living model since WWII. Stunning, spacious detached homes make the basis of residents’ quality living. With a bedroom, bathroom, dedicated kitchen, a living area and a family room, even a garden enclosed backyard, they offer independence, dignity, privacy, and safety that shared living spaces can barely compare.
然而，与喧闹，繁华，亲情浓厚的高密度居住社区不同，加拿大宁静社区中的独立住宅往往会给人们带来某种孤独，冷清，与世隔绝的感觉，对那些来自于拥挤的生活环境和高密度社区的移民来说，这种感觉尤其强烈。加拿大统计局的研究显示，由于环境改变和人脉网络的中断，加国移民反映孤独感的现象非常普遍，往往表现出对来源国生活环境中所提供的丰富的人际关系和亲情的留恋。
However, unlike the hustle and bustle of a close-knit community formed by shared living arrangement, the sprawling single detached homes in Canada’s tranquil neighborhoods can evoke feelings of solitude and isolation, particularly for those uprooted from their hometown where shared living prevailed and who are accustomed to crowded living environments. StatsCan studies have shown immigrants often report higher levels of loneliness in the adopted country due to disrupted social networks, longing for the connections and support that their previous living environments abundantly provided.
而青睐房屋共享，看重住房伙伴关系的不仅仅限于那些有过大杂院生活经历的人们。随着越来越多的有多余房间的房主寻求住宅伴侣以减轻孤独感，房屋共享软件平台在加拿大越来越受欢迎。一名寻找住宅伴侣的63岁的加拿大人士说:”我希望每天能有人问候我‘你好吗？今天过得怎样？“她通过租房应用程序找到租客，并与同住屋檐下的住宅伴侣结下友情，生活上彼此照应并享受共同出游的快乐。
The growing appeal of shared living isn't limited to those with experiences like Dazayuan. Home sharing platforms have gained popularity in Canada as a growing number of homeowners with empty rooms seek housing companions to alleviate feelings of seclusion. “I like to have somebody to have a coffee with, or someone who would greet me with ‘how are you? How was your day?’” said a 63 year old Canadian who sought a housing companion through the rental app. She formed a companionship with the renter through mutual help and the trips together, taking advantage of abundant opportunity provided through shared living arrangement.
大杂院的生活经验使我不仅更能适应加拿大更高密度居住现实且对其情有独钟，它让我们更倾向于选择这种被那些独门独院的倡导者嗤之以鼻的一宅多户的住房模式。搬到北多伦多北郊后，我和我的成年子女分享我的多层独立住宅，成为典型的多户同住一宅。不许在后院盖房的倡导者们应该了解高密度居住模式的吸引力和好处，并从那些有大杂院亲身经历者那里寻找一些启示。随着住房危机导致住房密度增加，加国人士应对个人空间，一宅多户，以及住宅分享等有新的共识。
Growing up with the Dazayuan living experience has made Canada's higher density living not only easier to adapt to but also more appealing, even influencing our housing choice towards the shared living model seen as less ideal by traditional high-quality, independent living proponents. After relocating to a rural part of North Toronto, I now share my multi-level detached home with my adult children, turning it into a "multi-generational home". Instead of dismissing the appeal and benefits of higher density living, NIMBY advocates should seek insights from those who've experienced it firsthand. As shared living gains traction amid the housing affordability crisis in Canada, how will we redefine our perceptions of community and personal space?
今天你也许关心的话题：
移民并没有给加拿大人造成麻烦，麻烦都是我们自己造成的
加拿大众盟国拒绝就锡克教领袖被暗杀事件谴责印度政府，特鲁多态度开始温和
将学校图书馆里2008年前出版的书清空 安省皮尔区教育局面临家长们的强烈谴责
As Canada’s population grows rapidly, higher density living has emerged as a growing housing trend. Zoning bylaw amendments are ramping up residential intensity in areas traditionally designated for single-family housing. Meanwhile, a growing number of multi-family units are opting to cohabit in a single family residence, making shared housing a growing living arrangement. However, the housing model change has met with challenges as NIMBY (Not in My Backyard) advocates view it as a threat to Canada’s traditional values of high quality and independent living. Yet many with shared living experience and accustomed to more constrained living conditions would find Canada’s new housing reality a welcome change, even embracing it with enthusiasm and preference.
我个人经历就最能说服这一点。我在北京的大杂院长大，在住房严重短缺的60年代的北京，大杂院是最为普遍的居住模式，几乎家家都不能幸免。我家住的这个大杂院，是由一传统的独家独户划分的，一个原本整齐四合庭院被割分为四个家庭共同居住的院落，每家占居一个房间。可想而知，在我们家四口生活的昏暗小屋里，空气浑浊和沉重，做饭、睡觉和起居都在同一个狭窄的空间里。大杂院里有20多名居民，但共用一个自来水龙头和一个厕所，卫生条件不堪入目、隐私或人的尊严也荡然无存。
My personal experience is the testament to this perspective. I grew up in DaZaYuan in Beijing, which was a widespread living arrangement amid Beijing’s housing shortages in the 1960s. In this DaZaYuan, a traditional single-family courtyard house was subdivided to accommodate four families. In the dimly lit small room cramped with our family of four, air became stagnant and heavy, while cooking, sleeping and studying all occurred within the same confined quarters. With more than twenty residents in Dazayuan sharing a single tap water and toilet, sanitary, privacy or human dignity barely existed.
然而，就是这生活条件恶劣的大杂院却给我留下了人生中最快乐和最珍贵的记忆。大杂院的居民组成了一个大家庭，邻居们就像我的亲人一样成为我生活中不可缺少的一部分。我的父母在文革高峰期因政治原因被迫不能回家，隔壁的阿姨、叔叔和奶奶就自然担当起照顾我这个生病的孩子的责任，并在我家最无助最艰难的困境时刻竭尽全力地提供无私且不计回报的照料帮助。这种邻里间的高度互动、互融和亲情给人以深深的安全感和归属感，对身心健康有着举足轻重的作用。而这种邻里间的亲情和互动在加拿大那种相互独立，老死不相往来的社区模式中几乎找不到踪影。
However, despite the challenges of cramped living conditions, Dazayuan also brought me memories of the most joyful and cherished moments in life. Neighbors formed an extended family, providing unwavering care and support that permeated every aspect of our lives. The aunties, uncles and grannies next door seamlessly stepped into the roles as my caregivers whenever my parents, politically stranded during the peak of the Cultural Revolution, were away. They offered me, an ailing child, immediate comfort and support in times of distress. The deep level of daily interactions, intimacy, and mutual understanding not only fostered a profound sense of security and belonging, enhancing the emotional well-being of the residents, but also made the more solitary living spaces in Canada seem pale in comparison.
加拿大独家独户的住宅以其隐私和独立为特色，自二战以来一直是加拿大人最崇尚的住房模式。宽敞、独立的房屋是居民高质量生活的标志，也是房产主财富的象征。这些拥有数间卧室、浴室、专用厨房、起居区和家庭房甚至后院花园的洋房，高度体现了住户独立、尊严、隐私和安全，让那些多户共居一所者望洋兴叹。
Single family homes in Canada, which features independent living and signifies personal success, have been the norm of Canadians’ living model since WWII. Stunning, spacious detached homes make the basis of residents’ quality living. With a bedroom, bathroom, dedicated kitchen, a living area and a family room, even a garden enclosed backyard, they offer independence, dignity, privacy, and safety that shared living spaces can barely compare.
然而，与喧闹，繁华，亲情浓厚的高密度居住社区不同，加拿大宁静社区中的独立住宅往往会给人们带来某种孤独，冷清，与世隔绝的感觉，对那些来自于拥挤的生活环境和高密度社区的移民来说，这种感觉尤其强烈。加拿大统计局的研究显示，由于环境改变和人脉网络的中断，加国移民反映孤独感的现象非常普遍，往往表现出对来源国生活环境中所提供的丰富的人际关系和亲情的留恋。
However, unlike the hustle and bustle of a close-knit community formed by shared living arrangement, the sprawling single detached homes in Canada’s tranquil neighborhoods can evoke feelings of solitude and isolation, particularly for those uprooted from their hometown where shared living prevailed and who are accustomed to crowded living environments. StatsCan studies have shown immigrants often report higher levels of loneliness in the adopted country due to disrupted social networks, longing for the connections and support that their previous living environments abundantly provided.
而青睐房屋共享，看重住房伙伴关系的不仅仅限于那些有过大杂院生活经历的人们。随着越来越多的有多余房间的房主寻求住宅伴侣以减轻孤独感，房屋共享软件平台在加拿大越来越受欢迎。一名寻找住宅伴侣的63岁的加拿大人士说:”我希望每天能有人问候我‘你好吗？今天过得怎样？“她通过租房应用程序找到租客，并与同住屋檐下的住宅伴侣结下友情，生活上彼此照应并享受共同出游的快乐。
The growing appeal of shared living isn't limited to those with experiences like Dazayuan. Home sharing platforms have gained popularity in Canada as a growing number of homeowners with empty rooms seek housing companions to alleviate feelings of seclusion. “I like to have somebody to have a coffee with, or someone who would greet me with ‘how are you? How was your day?’” said a 63 year old Canadian who sought a housing companion through the rental app. She formed a companionship with the renter through mutual help and the trips together, taking advantage of abundant opportunity provided through shared living arrangement.
大杂院的生活经验使我不仅更能适应加拿大更高密度居住现实且对其情有独钟，它让我们更倾向于选择这种被那些独门独院的倡导者嗤之以鼻的一宅多户的住房模式。搬到北多伦多北郊后，我和我的成年子女分享我的多层独立住宅，成为典型的多户同住一宅。不许在后院盖房的倡导者们应该了解高密度居住模式的吸引力和好处，并从那些有大杂院亲身经历者那里寻找一些启示。随着住房危机导致住房密度增加，加国人士应对个人空间，一宅多户，以及住宅分享等有新的共识。
Growing up with the Dazayuan living experience has made Canada's higher density living not only easier to adapt to but also more appealing, even influencing our housing choice towards the shared living model seen as less ideal by traditional high-quality, independent living proponents. After relocating to a rural part of North Toronto, I now share my multi-level detached home with my adult children, turning it into a "multi-generational home". Instead of dismissing the appeal and benefits of higher density living, NIMBY advocates should seek insights from those who've experienced it firsthand. As shared living gains traction amid the housing affordability crisis in Canada, how will we redefine our perceptions of community and personal space?
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