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中英对照:联邦自由党有能力解决加国住房支付危机?

Parties’ housing promises put Liberals’ existing housing strategy under scrutiny
来源: 大中报 南茜(Nancy Jin)

 
随着加拿大房价屡创新高,加国住房危机愈演愈烈,而很多年青人的购房梦想也随之破灭。此次大选中,住房购买力也升至为重要议题,出现在各主要政党的竞选平台之首。在保守党和新民主党纷纷宣布了大肆保护购房者利益的竞选纲领后,自由党也迫不及待地加入了给房市降温的竞选阵营,提出一系列大幅措施以确保地产市场的购房能力。这场在各政党间开展的住房纲领大比拼暴露出自由党执政期间不断恶化的购房难之现状,也使加国政府实施的住房政策遭到严格审视。
 
Home prices in Canada have repeatedly soared to a record high, creating a widening housing gap that has crushed the dream of young home buyers. Home affordability has become one of the driving issues in the election, appearing in main parties’ primary campaign platforms. After the Conservatives and NDP announced ambitious measures to protect home buyers’ interest, the Liberals have jumped on the bandwagon, pledging a broad housing package to make homes more affordable. The heated policy race among the political parties has highlighted the escalating affordability crisis under the Liberal’s six-year reign, putting Ottawa’s existing housing strategy under tight scrutiny.

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自由党在其2015年的竞选纲领中誓言要解决住房危机,并在其两届任职期间采取了一系列措施为房市降温。自由党政府在2017年公布了大手笔的耗资400亿元,时值十年的住房战略计划,以弥补因承受能力而造成的住房空缺。但自由党似乎誓言有余,行动不足。最近一份来自公共预算办公室的报告显示,渥太华仅仅花费了几项住房计划专用资金的一半,而其大幅扩建加国可支付住房拥有量的之承诺也付之东流。同时,限制性很强的首次购房者奖励计划也未能为加国购房者提供足够的帮助。截止2021年4月,给计划仅向不到1万名的加国人士提供了1.7亿贷款,仅占其承诺的12.5亿元的百分之十几。
 
The Liberals vowed to tackle housing challenges in its 2015 campaign and imposed a series of housing measures to cool down the overheated market over the two terms in office. Its audacious housing strategy in 2017 unveiled a 10-year program at the cost of $40 billion to ease the affordability crunch. But the Liberal government seemed long on words but short on actions. A recent PBO report has found that Ottawa has spent only half of the funding earmarked for several housing programs, failing to deliver the promise of vastly expanding Canada’s affordable housing stock. Meanwhile, its highly restrictive program, First Time Home Buyer Incentive, seemed to offer only limited assistance to qualified Canadians. As of April 2021, it had distributed only 170 million to less than 10,000 qualified applicants, merely over 10 percent of its promised 1.25 billion.

因担心被贴上仇外的标签,自由党在境外购房这一棘手的政治问题上缩手缩脚,迟迟不敢出手。尽管包括来自卑诗上诉法庭的证据显示境外购房导致加国房价上涨,尽管公众呼吁阻止国外买家伸手加国市场,但自由党却不敢采取果断措施彻底了断推高加国房市的国外投资渠道。直到保守党在此次竞选大纲中提出大胆举措为境外买家设置路障时,自由党才匆忙效仿,提出类似举措。
 
The Liberals have taken a timid move on the politically thorny issue of foreign ownership out of fear of being branded as xenophobic. Despite evidence – including from the BC appeal court showing foreign buyers’ influence on the Canadian market and demand to block the foreign ownership, the Liberals had hesitated to slap a ban on the foreign investments that have driven up the real estate price.  It wasn’t until the Conservatives’ bold moves in its election platform to erect roadblocks for foreign buyers that the Liberals decided to follow suit.

 
贷款压力测试是自由党推出的另一个未能实现其给房市降温这一目标的住房措施。设置贷款障碍事实上是在通过对买家进行操纵而强行遏制市场需求,但该措施却未能触及导致房价猛涨的关键因素,解决严重的供应短缺的问题。事实证明这一举措不但未能给炙手可热的房市降温,反而在政策实施后,房市价格却屡创新高。同时,给那些没有稳定收入的购房者设坎儿使小企业主和临时工们买房更加困难,从而引发了对该政策歧视迅速增长的零工就业大军的指责。
 
The mortgage stress test is another Liberals housing strategy that has failed to achieve its goal -- to cool down a red hot market. Setting a loan qualification bar intends to manipulate buyers’ ability and tamper with the market demand while neglecting the critical solution for a highly desirable market – to increase the supply. As it happened, the programs have failed to put a dent in the scorching hot demand, and the prices continued its upward trajectory. Moreover, the additional mortgage hurdles have made it more challenging for small business owners and non-permanent employees to enter the market, leading to criticisms that the mortgage rule discriminates against a rapidly expanding gig economy workforce.
 
自2019年来已增长了32%的加国平均房价凸显出加国购房危机的紧迫性和严峻性。疯狂上涨的住房支出还带动加国通胀率飙升至3.7%,为二十年来最高水平。在肆虐的住房危机中,75%的欲购房者买不起房,而三分之二的人士因当地房价过高而面临被迫搬离的命运。
 
The housing affordability crisis is a national emergency, as average home prices rise a mind-boggling 32 percent since 2019. The soaring housing cost has also driven Canada’s inflation rate to a stunning 3.7 percent, nearly two decades high. Amid the raging crisis, 3 in four Canadians who want a house can’t afford one, while two-thirds facing the prospect of being forced out of the local community due to the inaccessibility of home prices.

 
在自由党房屋政策下,加国住房负担能力差距增大,危机进一步恶化。面临选民的不满,自由党在此次大选中保证更多投资并提出一系列广泛措施解决危机。但由于以往业绩不佳,选民怀疑自由党再次上台后是否有能力解决加国的住房危机。加国人士需要的是建造的可用住房,而不是什么华丽的保证和大肆开销之承诺。
Under the Liberals’ housing policies, the affordability gaps have widened and the crisis has gone worse.  Voters’ frustrations have forced the Liberals to vow billions of dollars in additional funding and a wide range of measures to address the growing crisis in the current election. But the Liberals' lack of a proven track record has raised public skepticism over its ability to tackle the housing challenges. Canadians need a home to build and a house to live in, rather than flashy announcements and promises of a spending spree.
 

    

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