为什么加拿大食品巨头的操纵食品价格时从面包着手（观点）
Opinion: Why grocery giants' price-fixing scheme set eyes on bread
来源: 大中网/096.ca 南茜(Nancy Jin)
加拿大面包公司 (Canada Bread) 在面包价格操纵丑闻案中对将各种袋装和切片面包产品（包括三明治面包、热狗面包和普通面包卷）与竞争对手协调提价 12 至 14 分，致使2007年和2011年两次对面包价格提价的事实供认不讳。 此前， Loblaw 和 George Weston Ltd. 公司于去年12月份惊人爆出两家公司在至2015年的14 年间一直在对
各种面包产品联合提价。这些食品商巨头瞄准了面包，就是为利用这一被消费者广泛购买同时却占家庭支出预算很小一部分的主要食品这一特性。食品巨商们明白，尽管对这一产品价格大幅上调，也不会对普通加拿大人的钱包有太多影响，很多每周都会将一袋面包随手扔到菜篮子里的消费者们根本不会注意到面包价格上涨的那几分钱。
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Canada Bread pleads guilty in the bread price-fixing scandal, admitting it had agreed to co-ordinated price increases of 12 to 14 cents of various bagged and sliced bread products -- including sandwich bread, hot dog buns, and rolls, resulting in two price increases — one in 2007 and one in 2011. The news came after the shocking revelation in Dec. Loblaw and George Weston Ltd. had been fixing the price of a wide range of packaged bread products for 14 years until 2015. The grocery giants set their eyes on bread to take advantage of the staple widely purchased by consumers but costing only a tiny portion of the family budget. The price hike of the product, even though steep, would not severely affect the average Canadian’s wallet, leaving many who routinely pick up a loaf of bread from grocery aisles barely noticing the extra few cents baked into it.
加拿大面包价格从 2001 年的$ 1.42 元涨至 2015 年的$3.05 元，与加拿大四口之家平均每周 313 元的食品支出相比，面包价格上涨的 1.63 元不过九牛一毛，仅占家庭副食预算支出的 0.5% 。 消费者对面包等基本主要食品的价格上涨有很大的容忍度，因为即使在价格百分比大幅上涨后这种食品价格的涨幅也就几分只差。 一项新调查发现，即使面包涨价高达51.8%，也不会影响消费者的购买决定。
With bread price fetching $3.05 in 2015 from $1.42 in 2001, the $1.63 more on bread was a drop in the bucket compared to the grocery cost of $313/week for an average Canadian family of four, accounting for only 0.3 % of the family grocery budget. Consumers have significant tolerance for the price increase of basic food like bread, which might result in the rise of only cents after a large percentage of price growth. A new survey found that even as much as 51.8% of price increases in bread would not influence consumers’ buying decisions.
科学研究充分展现了消费者对面包价格上涨视而不见的漠视态度。 今年2月初《环邮》对500名消费者进行的一项在线调查显示，28.6%的受访者对Loblaws的面包定价操纵无动于衷，17.2%的受访者仍然喜欢Loblaws。 此外，61% 的人对 Loblaw 赠送 25 元礼品卡的做法表示感激涕零，似乎对这笔款仅能弥补消费者在食品巨头14 年价格垄断中平均每周所遭受的$0.55 元盘剥，即总共约$ 400 元损失的一极小部分的事实毫不知情。
Studies have painted a picture of consumers’ blindness to the price hike of bread. An online survey of 500 consumers in early February showed that 28.6 percent of respondents were indifferent to Loblaws’ bread price fixing, and 17.2 percent still loved Loblaws. Moreover, 61% were grateful to Loblaw's strategy of giving away $25 gift cards, seemingly ignorant that it could only cover a small fraction of consumers’ $0.55 loss/week for a 14-year price-fixing scheme, about $400 per family.
但这种向庞大人口基数的消费者进行小额榨的伎俩能很快提高公司的利润。 根据向高等法院提起的集体诉讼，遭受食品商的无良商业行为影响的消费者高达数百万或数千万之多，包括所有那些向直接或间接参与该计划的公司购买不管是包装好还是新鲜出炉面包的消费者们。
But the scheme to nickel and dime consumers on a vast population base will quickly pad the companies’ bottom lines. According to a class action lawsuit filed with the Superior Court of Justice, grocers’ misconduct affected millions or tens of millions of consumers– including those who bought either packaged bread or freshly baked ones from the companies directly or not directly involved in the scheme.
加拿大面包公司通过操纵联合涨价所获得的总收入增长可让我们一窥这一伎俩为他们带来的额外收入。 法庭文件显示，该公司高管在 2007 年将每条面包的价格提高了 12 至 14 分，并在 2011 年将每条面包的价格再次提高了 14 分。在本案事实声明中，加拿大面包公司新鲜烘焙产品的年销售额在第二次操纵涨价的2011年为 $10.87 亿元，比 首次涨价后的2007年的$ 9.459 亿元增加了 $1.41 亿元。 销售额的大幅增长增加了这些巨头公司的利润，也让拥有这些公司的富豪家庭更是赚得盆满本满。
Canada Bread’s revenue growth from price fixing gives a glimpse into the capital reaped through the scheme. The court documents show that the company's executives raised bread prices by 12 to 14 cents per loaf in 2007 and hiked it again by 14 cents per loaf in 2011. In a statement of agreed facts in the case, Canada Bread's annual sales for fresh bakery products totaled $1.087 billion in 2011, the year of the second price hike, an over $141 million jump from $945.9 million in 2007, when the price-fixing started. The massive revenue growth padded the profits of highly successful companies and enriched the wealthy families that owned them.
加拿大面包食品商精心策划的涨价阴谋激发了公众不满，并严重影响了这些公司的声誉。大部分消费者，不管他们在乎不在乎面包几分钱的涨价，都感到被大企业的贪婪和拿消费者开涮和进行盘剥的行径感到极度失望。
The scandal has prompted public outrage and undermined public trust in large retailers. Most consumers, regardless of whether being sensitive to price hikes, feel let down by corporate greed and its attempt to exploit them.
各种面包产品联合提价。这些食品商巨头瞄准了面包，就是为利用这一被消费者广泛购买同时却占家庭支出预算很小一部分的主要食品这一特性。食品巨商们明白，尽管对这一产品价格大幅上调，也不会对普通加拿大人的钱包有太多影响，很多每周都会将一袋面包随手扔到菜篮子里的消费者们根本不会注意到面包价格上涨的那几分钱。
今天你也许关心的话题：
警方指控3名来自多伦多和万锦的华裔武装入室抢劫 从姓名看被告均来自中国
因为对《在线新闻法》一直存在分歧，渥太华将暂停在Facebook和Instagram投放广告
多伦多一房产有18个报价，成交价比叫价高100万，但经济学家预计加拿大房地产市场在2023年下半年将失去动力
Canada Bread pleads guilty in the bread price-fixing scandal, admitting it had agreed to co-ordinated price increases of 12 to 14 cents of various bagged and sliced bread products -- including sandwich bread, hot dog buns, and rolls, resulting in two price increases — one in 2007 and one in 2011. The news came after the shocking revelation in Dec. Loblaw and George Weston Ltd. had been fixing the price of a wide range of packaged bread products for 14 years until 2015. The grocery giants set their eyes on bread to take advantage of the staple widely purchased by consumers but costing only a tiny portion of the family budget. The price hike of the product, even though steep, would not severely affect the average Canadian’s wallet, leaving many who routinely pick up a loaf of bread from grocery aisles barely noticing the extra few cents baked into it.
加拿大面包价格从 2001 年的$ 1.42 元涨至 2015 年的$3.05 元，与加拿大四口之家平均每周 313 元的食品支出相比，面包价格上涨的 1.63 元不过九牛一毛，仅占家庭副食预算支出的 0.5% 。 消费者对面包等基本主要食品的价格上涨有很大的容忍度，因为即使在价格百分比大幅上涨后这种食品价格的涨幅也就几分只差。 一项新调查发现，即使面包涨价高达51.8%，也不会影响消费者的购买决定。
With bread price fetching $3.05 in 2015 from $1.42 in 2001, the $1.63 more on bread was a drop in the bucket compared to the grocery cost of $313/week for an average Canadian family of four, accounting for only 0.3 % of the family grocery budget. Consumers have significant tolerance for the price increase of basic food like bread, which might result in the rise of only cents after a large percentage of price growth. A new survey found that even as much as 51.8% of price increases in bread would not influence consumers’ buying decisions.
科学研究充分展现了消费者对面包价格上涨视而不见的漠视态度。 今年2月初《环邮》对500名消费者进行的一项在线调查显示，28.6%的受访者对Loblaws的面包定价操纵无动于衷，17.2%的受访者仍然喜欢Loblaws。 此外，61% 的人对 Loblaw 赠送 25 元礼品卡的做法表示感激涕零，似乎对这笔款仅能弥补消费者在食品巨头14 年价格垄断中平均每周所遭受的$0.55 元盘剥，即总共约$ 400 元损失的一极小部分的事实毫不知情。
Studies have painted a picture of consumers’ blindness to the price hike of bread. An online survey of 500 consumers in early February showed that 28.6 percent of respondents were indifferent to Loblaws’ bread price fixing, and 17.2 percent still loved Loblaws. Moreover, 61% were grateful to Loblaw's strategy of giving away $25 gift cards, seemingly ignorant that it could only cover a small fraction of consumers’ $0.55 loss/week for a 14-year price-fixing scheme, about $400 per family.
但这种向庞大人口基数的消费者进行小额榨的伎俩能很快提高公司的利润。 根据向高等法院提起的集体诉讼，遭受食品商的无良商业行为影响的消费者高达数百万或数千万之多，包括所有那些向直接或间接参与该计划的公司购买不管是包装好还是新鲜出炉面包的消费者们。
But the scheme to nickel and dime consumers on a vast population base will quickly pad the companies’ bottom lines. According to a class action lawsuit filed with the Superior Court of Justice, grocers’ misconduct affected millions or tens of millions of consumers– including those who bought either packaged bread or freshly baked ones from the companies directly or not directly involved in the scheme.
加拿大面包公司通过操纵联合涨价所获得的总收入增长可让我们一窥这一伎俩为他们带来的额外收入。 法庭文件显示，该公司高管在 2007 年将每条面包的价格提高了 12 至 14 分，并在 2011 年将每条面包的价格再次提高了 14 分。在本案事实声明中，加拿大面包公司新鲜烘焙产品的年销售额在第二次操纵涨价的2011年为 $10.87 亿元，比 首次涨价后的2007年的$ 9.459 亿元增加了 $1.41 亿元。 销售额的大幅增长增加了这些巨头公司的利润，也让拥有这些公司的富豪家庭更是赚得盆满本满。
Canada Bread’s revenue growth from price fixing gives a glimpse into the capital reaped through the scheme. The court documents show that the company's executives raised bread prices by 12 to 14 cents per loaf in 2007 and hiked it again by 14 cents per loaf in 2011. In a statement of agreed facts in the case, Canada Bread's annual sales for fresh bakery products totaled $1.087 billion in 2011, the year of the second price hike, an over $141 million jump from $945.9 million in 2007, when the price-fixing started. The massive revenue growth padded the profits of highly successful companies and enriched the wealthy families that owned them.
加拿大面包食品商精心策划的涨价阴谋激发了公众不满，并严重影响了这些公司的声誉。大部分消费者，不管他们在乎不在乎面包几分钱的涨价，都感到被大企业的贪婪和拿消费者开涮和进行盘剥的行径感到极度失望。
The scandal has prompted public outrage and undermined public trust in large retailers. Most consumers, regardless of whether being sensitive to price hikes, feel let down by corporate greed and its attempt to exploit them.
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