从李跃康被拒入境看恐慌情绪下美加当局对华裔学者过激反应（观点）
Opinion: Does court decision denying entry to Yuekang Li reflect growing paranoia towards Chinese scientists?
来源: 大中网/096.ca 南茜(Nancy Jin)
近期，加拿大联邦法院决定拒绝一名中国工程系研究生李跃康在加国读书的入境申请，突显出加国当局对在学术和研究领域中的华裔人士所持的不信任和怀疑态度。加拿大联邦法院的决定似乎与美国政府为防止军事机密和知识产权泄露给中国政府而采取的针对华裔科学家的打压间谍行动似乎遥相呼应，而这些举措引发了人们对种族偏见以及其对学术合作带来的负面影响的批评浪潮。不断增长的对国家安全担忧提出了一个严肃并具挑战性的问题，即当局所采取的行动是完全出于保护国家安全的必要性，还是缘由于恐慌情绪下对与中国有关联的学者群体的采取的过激反应？
今天你也许关心的话题：
即使前期规划不完善，加拿大房主也能在自己的住宅安享晚年
买车险的时候可以不买碰撞险和综合险吗？
"铤而走险"：地下通道如何在2023年头11个月帮助31,000名中国人到墨西哥-美国边境申请难民的？（下）
The recent decision by the Canadian Federal Court to deny entry to Yuekang Li, a Chinese engineering graduate student, highlights the escalating scrutiny faced by individuals of Chinese descent in academia and research. The court decision appears to align with broader actions in the U.S. that aim at protecting the military secrets and the intellectual property from being leaked to the Chinese government. However, this approach also raises a critical concern about racial profiling and its detrimental effects on academic cooperation. Amidst the increasing efforts to safeguard national security, a challenging question arises: are such measures justifiably cautious, or do they reflect a growing paranoia towards global scientists with connections to China?
加拿大联邦法院法官的决定似乎源于对中国特有的间谍活动方式的担忧，即北京政府利用科学家和专业学生获取商业和军事信息。首席法官认为李的背景很可能会使他成为中国政府获取情报行动的理想人选：李曾在与中国国防工业有紧密联系的北京某大学完成本科学业；他的研究领域，即微流体学，对中国的生物制药行业和公共卫生系统具有重大价值；但该决定的反对者认为，这一裁决在很大程度上是出于对中国政府的间谍行动的泛泛认知，而非基于李过往行为或显示他与中国政府之瓜葛的具体证据。李从未受到过任何从事间谍活动的指控，而中国政府也未向他提供奖学金。
The Canadian federal court judge decision seems stemming from the concern over China’s unique way to conduct spying activities – by targeting scientists and students for the transfer of sensitive commercial and military information. The chief justice believes that Li’s background could make him an ideal candidate for Beijing’s operation: Mr. Li had done his undergraduate studies at a Beijing university with a strong tie to China’s defence industry; his field of study, known as microfluidics, is useful to China’s biopharma industry and the public health system; Critics argue that the ruling seems largely relying on a broad understanding of China’s espionage practices, rather than Li’s past action or any specific evidence linked him to the Chinese government. He has never been accused of spying. Nor his study supported by a Chinese scholarship.
李案中的缺乏确凿证据却并非绝无仅有。在美国司法部针对美国华裔教授陈刚和胡安明的指控中，同样缺乏有关间谍活动的具体证据。旨在抵抗来自中国的国家安全威胁的司法部所发起的“中国行动计划”，将矛头指向了许多与中国有关联的顶尖华裔学者。麻省理工学院的机械工程教授陈刚遭逮捕并被控在申请科研经费时隐瞒了与中国的联系。同样，田纳西大学诺克斯维尔分校的生物医学工程教授胡安明也因涉嫌在与中国大学的合作中犯有电信诈骗罪被起诉。
The lack of smoking guns in Li’s case is not unique. The absence of concrete evidence of espionage is similarly reflected in the DOJ’s charges against US Professors Gang Chen and Anming Hu. The DOJ’s China Initiative program to counter Chinese national security threat wrongfully charged numerous top-tier Chinese academics who had professional ties with China. Mechanical engineer professor Gang Chen at MIT was arrested and charged with concealing Chinese affiliations in grants. Similarly, Anming Hu, a professor of biomedical engineer at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, was charged with wire fraud for allegedly hiding his work with a Chinese university.
虽然司法部撤销了对陈和胡的所有指控，但其遭遇对他们的职业生涯和个人生活带来了严重伤害。面对日益增长的公众压力，美国司法部认识到其行动造成的过度伤害而不得不结束了该计划。斯坦福大学的诺贝尔奖获得物理学家、前美国能源部长朱棣文（Steven Chu）评论道：”我们的知识，技术力量很大一部分来自于移民......司法部的行动不仅仅是对一般性的自我伤害，而几乎是变相自杀“。
While DOJ dropped all charges against Chen and Hu, the incidents had caused profound impact on their personal and professional life. Amidst mounting criticism, the DOJ recognized the excessive reach of its actions and discontinued the program. 'So much of our intellectual technological power is from immigrants,' said Steven Chu, a Nobel Prize-winning physicist at Stanford University and a former U.S. secretary of energy. 'We’re shooting ourselves not in the foot but in something close to the head.“
与陈刚和胡安明的经历相似，李在加拿大的案例也引起了关于对学术自由和国际合作的过度干预的担忧。联邦法院的裁决意指所有像李这样的学生都可能被中国政府胁迫参与间谍活动，这种过分的恐慌反映会导致加拿大错失吸引顶尖国际人才的机会。这一法院裁决引起了加拿大学术界的质疑。卡尔顿大学的国家安全专家莉亚·韦斯特（Leah West）问道：“仅仅因为我们与这个国家竞争这个理由就足够了吗？尤其是当所针对的问题涉及公共健康时"。
Similar to the experiences of Chen and Hu, Li's case in Canada also raises concerns about the overreaching actions on academic freedom and international collaboration. The federal court decision suggesting that students like Li could be coerced by the Chinese government into espionage activities may result in Canada missing out on attracting top international talent. The court ruling raised skepticism from Canadian academics. 'The fact that it’s a country we compete with – is that sufficient, especially when we are talking about public health?' asked Leah West, a national-security specialist at Carleton University.
随着地缘政治紧张局势对国际科学研究的影响日益增长，对华裔学者所持过分怀疑态度和过激行为会带来负面后果。虽然对中国威胁美，加国家安全的担心是合理的，但在采取应对措施时需要避免被偏执和无根据的恐惧情绪困扰。李、陈和胡的经历促使当局严肃思考其举措是否已经让地缘政治紧张局势压倒了学术自由和公平正义，并在这条道路上走得太远。
As the geopolitical tension increasingly influences the global scientific research, the growing suspicion and mistrust toward Chinese academics may lead to negative consequences. While national security concern over China is legitimate, it needs to be balanced against the risk of paranoia and unsubstantiated generalizations. Li, Chen and Hu’s experience urge us to critically evaluate whether we have gone too far in allowing geopolitical tensions to overshadow principles of academic integrity and justice.
今天你也许关心的话题：
即使前期规划不完善，加拿大房主也能在自己的住宅安享晚年
买车险的时候可以不买碰撞险和综合险吗？
"铤而走险"：地下通道如何在2023年头11个月帮助31,000名中国人到墨西哥-美国边境申请难民的？（下）
The recent decision by the Canadian Federal Court to deny entry to Yuekang Li, a Chinese engineering graduate student, highlights the escalating scrutiny faced by individuals of Chinese descent in academia and research. The court decision appears to align with broader actions in the U.S. that aim at protecting the military secrets and the intellectual property from being leaked to the Chinese government. However, this approach also raises a critical concern about racial profiling and its detrimental effects on academic cooperation. Amidst the increasing efforts to safeguard national security, a challenging question arises: are such measures justifiably cautious, or do they reflect a growing paranoia towards global scientists with connections to China?
加拿大联邦法院法官的决定似乎源于对中国特有的间谍活动方式的担忧，即北京政府利用科学家和专业学生获取商业和军事信息。首席法官认为李的背景很可能会使他成为中国政府获取情报行动的理想人选：李曾在与中国国防工业有紧密联系的北京某大学完成本科学业；他的研究领域，即微流体学，对中国的生物制药行业和公共卫生系统具有重大价值；但该决定的反对者认为，这一裁决在很大程度上是出于对中国政府的间谍行动的泛泛认知，而非基于李过往行为或显示他与中国政府之瓜葛的具体证据。李从未受到过任何从事间谍活动的指控，而中国政府也未向他提供奖学金。
The Canadian federal court judge decision seems stemming from the concern over China’s unique way to conduct spying activities – by targeting scientists and students for the transfer of sensitive commercial and military information. The chief justice believes that Li’s background could make him an ideal candidate for Beijing’s operation: Mr. Li had done his undergraduate studies at a Beijing university with a strong tie to China’s defence industry; his field of study, known as microfluidics, is useful to China’s biopharma industry and the public health system; Critics argue that the ruling seems largely relying on a broad understanding of China’s espionage practices, rather than Li’s past action or any specific evidence linked him to the Chinese government. He has never been accused of spying. Nor his study supported by a Chinese scholarship.
李案中的缺乏确凿证据却并非绝无仅有。在美国司法部针对美国华裔教授陈刚和胡安明的指控中，同样缺乏有关间谍活动的具体证据。旨在抵抗来自中国的国家安全威胁的司法部所发起的“中国行动计划”，将矛头指向了许多与中国有关联的顶尖华裔学者。麻省理工学院的机械工程教授陈刚遭逮捕并被控在申请科研经费时隐瞒了与中国的联系。同样，田纳西大学诺克斯维尔分校的生物医学工程教授胡安明也因涉嫌在与中国大学的合作中犯有电信诈骗罪被起诉。
The lack of smoking guns in Li’s case is not unique. The absence of concrete evidence of espionage is similarly reflected in the DOJ’s charges against US Professors Gang Chen and Anming Hu. The DOJ’s China Initiative program to counter Chinese national security threat wrongfully charged numerous top-tier Chinese academics who had professional ties with China. Mechanical engineer professor Gang Chen at MIT was arrested and charged with concealing Chinese affiliations in grants. Similarly, Anming Hu, a professor of biomedical engineer at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, was charged with wire fraud for allegedly hiding his work with a Chinese university.
虽然司法部撤销了对陈和胡的所有指控，但其遭遇对他们的职业生涯和个人生活带来了严重伤害。面对日益增长的公众压力，美国司法部认识到其行动造成的过度伤害而不得不结束了该计划。斯坦福大学的诺贝尔奖获得物理学家、前美国能源部长朱棣文（Steven Chu）评论道：”我们的知识，技术力量很大一部分来自于移民......司法部的行动不仅仅是对一般性的自我伤害，而几乎是变相自杀“。
While DOJ dropped all charges against Chen and Hu, the incidents had caused profound impact on their personal and professional life. Amidst mounting criticism, the DOJ recognized the excessive reach of its actions and discontinued the program. 'So much of our intellectual technological power is from immigrants,' said Steven Chu, a Nobel Prize-winning physicist at Stanford University and a former U.S. secretary of energy. 'We’re shooting ourselves not in the foot but in something close to the head.“
与陈刚和胡安明的经历相似，李在加拿大的案例也引起了关于对学术自由和国际合作的过度干预的担忧。联邦法院的裁决意指所有像李这样的学生都可能被中国政府胁迫参与间谍活动，这种过分的恐慌反映会导致加拿大错失吸引顶尖国际人才的机会。这一法院裁决引起了加拿大学术界的质疑。卡尔顿大学的国家安全专家莉亚·韦斯特（Leah West）问道：“仅仅因为我们与这个国家竞争这个理由就足够了吗？尤其是当所针对的问题涉及公共健康时"。
Similar to the experiences of Chen and Hu, Li's case in Canada also raises concerns about the overreaching actions on academic freedom and international collaboration. The federal court decision suggesting that students like Li could be coerced by the Chinese government into espionage activities may result in Canada missing out on attracting top international talent. The court ruling raised skepticism from Canadian academics. 'The fact that it’s a country we compete with – is that sufficient, especially when we are talking about public health?' asked Leah West, a national-security specialist at Carleton University.
随着地缘政治紧张局势对国际科学研究的影响日益增长，对华裔学者所持过分怀疑态度和过激行为会带来负面后果。虽然对中国威胁美，加国家安全的担心是合理的，但在采取应对措施时需要避免被偏执和无根据的恐惧情绪困扰。李、陈和胡的经历促使当局严肃思考其举措是否已经让地缘政治紧张局势压倒了学术自由和公平正义，并在这条道路上走得太远。
As the geopolitical tension increasingly influences the global scientific research, the growing suspicion and mistrust toward Chinese academics may lead to negative consequences. While national security concern over China is legitimate, it needs to be balanced against the risk of paranoia and unsubstantiated generalizations. Li, Chen and Hu’s experience urge us to critically evaluate whether we have gone too far in allowing geopolitical tensions to overshadow principles of academic integrity and justice.
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